Diagnostic value of signal peptide-Complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, and Bmp1-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 on serum and tissue samples in non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract

Background: This study aims to investigate whether there is any relationship between the type, stage and the extensiveness of lung cancer and levels of signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 in serum and lung tissues of non-small cell lung cancer patients and also whether there is any difference in signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 levels of patients with malignant or benign diseases. Methods: The study included 55 subjects (45 males, 10 females; mean age 57.8 +/- 15.9 years; range 18 to 82 years) who were separated into three groups as 25 resectable non-small cell lung cancer patients (21 males, 4 females; mean age 64.6 +/- 9.4 years; range, 41 to 79 years) who were operated with the purpose of diagnosis and treatment (group 1), 15 unresectable non-small cell lung cancer patients (10 males, 5 females; mean age 61.8 +/- 9.6 years; range, 48 to 82 years) (group 2), and 15 patients (14 males, 1 females; mean age 42.5 +/- 19.5 years; range, 18 to 76 years) who were operated with non-cancer related reasons (group 3; control group). Results: Preoperative serum signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 levels in groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher compared to control group (p=0.045). Serum signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 levels in group 2 were significantly higher compared to the other two groups (p=0.008). Levels of signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 in tissue samples were significantly higher in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and yielded a prognostic importance such that a 1 ng/mL rise in tissue signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 concentration caused a 1.4 fold increase in death risk (p=0.009). Conclusion: Concentration of signal peptide-Complement Clr/Cls, Uegf, and Bmpl-epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 in serum and tumor tissue may be an important biomarker in determining the diagnosis and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.