Full scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands to treat domestic wastewater by Juncus acutus and Cortaderia selloana

Abstract

In the present study, a full scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland was designed, constructed and operated to treat domestic wastewater of Kzlcaoren village in Samsun city of Turkey. The total surface area of HSFCW was divided into equal parts. The effects of Juncus acutus L. and Cortaderia selloana (Schult.Schult.f.)Asch.&Graebn. on pollutants removal in HSFCWs were evaluated with the meteorological factors. The average removal efficiencies of J. acutus and C. selloana were determined as 60.3-57.7% for BOD; 24.2-38.9% for TN; 31.4-49.8% for OM; 35.4-43.3% for TP; 18.9-27.1% for orthophosphate; 24.4-28.7% for NH4-N; 29.5-37.2% for TSS; and 35.3-44.3% for TSM. Two-way ANOVA was applied to determine any difference for the removal of all parameters between the plant types and months on the mean values of contaminant removal. A correlation matrix of all parameters was determined. Subsurface flow constructed wetland was found quite efficient for the treatment of domestic wastewater in rural settlements. HSFCW is also more economical to install and maintain than a conventional wastewater treatment system while enhancing ecosystem services.