Benzo[A]Pyrene Content in Soil-Plant System of Model Experiment: Analysis and Estimation

Abstract

The purpose of the research is investigation of accumulation, migration and transformation features of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the soil-plant system. The new original method of the BaP analysis by subcritical water extraction was used for BaP extraction from soil and plant samples of the unique model experiment with the ordinary carbonate chernozem, polluted by different doses of BaP. Sampling of soil (carbonate heavy loamy chernozem, virgin, 0-20 cm topsoil) was carried out in the Persianovskaya steppe of the Rostov region (South of Russian Federation) located far from possible contamination sources. As a result the constants of BaP half-destruction (T50) and coefficients of BaP accumulation in a pollutant plants were calculated in the chernozem soil at different levels of pollution. Correlation dependences of these indicators on initial concentration of BaP in the soil were established. Further these characteristics will allow to create model of transformation of BaP and other the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in chernozem soils of a steppe zone. The main features of accumulation, migrations and transformations of BaP under natural conditions were conducted. This model can be used for forecasting of a situation in various regions subject to pollution by such dangerous organic pollutant as PAHs, and also will allow to estimate probability of PAHs accumulation in soil-plant system under technogenic pressure and their involvement in a food chain.