Monitoring methods in neuroanesthesia

Abstract

The patient who is to undergo neurosurgery requires the usual physiologic monitors as oxygenation, ventilation, circulation, and temperature evaluate. But qualified anesthesia personnel must be present in the room. The goal of most neuroanesthesia monitoring is to assess the adequacy of oxygenated blood flow to the central nervous system (CNS) or the monitor the functional integrity of neural structures at risk. This goal is accomplished by directly measuring blood flow or by using a secondary measure, either functional or physical, to make assumptions about the presence of ischemia or damage. Monitoring methods of CNS indicate adequacy of cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure monitors, cerebral metabolism and electrophysologic monitoring. Adequacy of cerebral blood flow requaris by quantitative, measurement of CBF with Xenon 133, cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and stump pressure measurement. Intracranial pressure monitors make from epidural, subdural, intraventricular and intraparanchymal. Cerebral metabolizm evaluate with oxygen extraction, jugular venous oxygen saturation and transcranial oxygen saturation. And electrophysologic monitoring has been with EEG, evoked potantials or EMG.